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釉里红富贵葡萄纹梅瓶

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2021-04-14 11:48

原标题：釉里红富贵葡萄纹梅瓶

釉里红瓷制作工序与同时代的青花瓷大体相同。它是以氧化铜作着色剂，于胎上绘画纹饰后，罩施透明釉，在高温还原焰气氛中烧成。因红色花纹在釉下，故称釉里红瓷。

釉里红(underglazered)是元代景德镇窑创烧的一种釉下彩绘。釉里红即釉下的红色，它以氧化铜在瓷坯上着彩，然后施透明釉，1300℃还原焰烧成。但真正色彩鲜艳的极为罕见，这是因为它的制作过程复杂。这一工艺始于元代，明代达到成熟阶段，清代以后，更有所发展。

此瓶器形大而完整，为景德镇青白瓷中罕见的器物，颇能代表宋代湖田窑青白瓷的烧造水平。

据考古资料分析，景德镇窑五代时始烧青瓷和白瓷，质地较为粗糙。宋代改烧青白瓷，以质地精良、产量巨大崭露头角。青白瓷胎薄质坚，釉色如青天，故俗称“影青”，有一种类似青白玉的美感。

青白瓷是一种胎薄质坚、釉色青中泛白、白中闪青、具有天然青白玉效果的瓷器。由于这种瓷器的透光度较好，若仰光透视，其胎上所印、刻花纹可内、外影见故俗称“影青瓷”。由于这种瓷器“光致茂美”，在宋、元时期曾行销海内外，深受人们喜爱，因此在南方地区形成了一个以景德镇湖田窑为代表的庞大的青白瓷生产体系。

The production process of underglaze red porcelain is similar to that of blue and white porcelain of the same age. It is made of copper oxide as colorant, painted on the tire, covered with transparent glaze, and fired in the atmosphere of high temperature reduction flame. Because the red pattern is under glaze, it is called underglaze red porcelain.

Underglaze red is a kind of underglaze painting created by Jingdezhen kiln in Yuan Dynasty. Underglaze red is the underglaze red. It is painted with copper oxide on the porcelain body, then applied with transparent glaze and fired with reducing flame at 1300 ℃. But it's extremely rare to have really bright colors because of the complexity of its production process. This craft began in the Yuan Dynasty, reached a mature stage in the Ming Dynasty, and further developed after the Qing Dynasty.

The shape of the vase is large and complete, which is rare in Jingdezhen blue and white porcelain. It can represent the firing level of Hutian kiln in Song Dynasty.

According to the analysis of archaeological data, celadon and white porcelain were first fired in Jingdezhen kiln during the Five Dynasties, and their texture was relatively rough. In the Song Dynasty, blue and white porcelain was changed to make its appearance with excellent quality and huge output. The blue and white porcelain is thin and hard, and the glaze color is as blue as the sky, so it is commonly known as "Yingqing", which has a kind of aesthetic feeling similar to the blue and white jade.

Blue and white porcelain is a kind of porcelain with thin body, strong quality, white glaze in blue, flashing blue in white, and natural blue and white jade effect. Because this kind of porcelain has good light transmittance, if it is seen through Yangon, the patterns printed and engraved on its body can be seen from inside and outside, so it is commonly known as "shadow celadon". Because this kind of porcelain was once popular at home and abroad in the song and Yuan Dynasties, it formed a huge blue and white porcelain production system represented by Hutian kiln in Jingdezhen in southern China.

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